![]() ![]() Causes more reduction of EEG activity than other agents, producing an isoelectric EEG at greater than 2 MAC. Īnticonvulsant properties, unlike enflurane. Recovery is slower than with sevoflurane and desflurane. Smooth, rapid induction, but speed of uptake is limited by respiratory irritation. Supplied in liquid form with no additive. ![]() ◗įamily history: incidence is increased if a person has a first-degree relative with angina or previous MI aged 60 years) to 1.28% (young adults) 1.6%–1.8% in children. Increasing age, male gender, postmenopausal women. Most common cause of death in the developed world (20%–30%) its incidence is now declining in many countries including the UK, due to improvements in treatment, secondary prevention and the reduction of preventable risk factors. See Intrinsic sympathomimetic activity Ischaemic heart disease Treatment should be monitored by serial serum iron measurements.Ĭhang TP, Rangan C (2011). Exchange transfusion and plasmapheresis have also been used successfully in refractory cases. Whole bowel irrigation has been performed after ingestion of enteric-coated preparations, although evidence of benefit is unclear. Gastric lavage is not routinely recommended, though may be considered if a child presents within minutes of ingesting a life-threatening dose. Instillation of 5 g into the stomach has also been suggested to reduce absorption. With features of severe toxicity, treatment should be started without waiting for the serum iron level. In severe cases, desferrioxamine iv up to 15 mg/kg/h to a maximum of 80 mg/kg in 24 h. General measures as for poisoning and overdose, e.g. With intensive treatment, mortality is about 1%. Hepatic failure and pyloric stenosis may occur. Early symptoms (within an hour) include nausea, vomiting, upper abdominal pain and GIT bleeding (caused by the corrosive action of iron on the gastric mucosa) later symptoms include hypotension, hypoglycaemia, convulsions, acute kidney injury and coma. Doses exceeding 40–60 mg/kg of elemental iron, or serum concentrations exceeding 90 µmol/l in children or 140 µmol/l in adults represent severe poisoning. Occurs almost exclusively in children who accidentally consume iron tablets. See Intermittent negative pressure ventilation Iron poisoning ![]()
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